UMLANDO OMFUSHANE WENDAWO YAKWAMASHU (KWAMASHU TOWNSHIP HISTORY)

Umlando wegama lendawo yakwaMashu

Kule blog ngizochaza kafushane ngomlando nangokuqambeka kwegama le ndawo yakwaMashu, eThekwini. Ilokishi lakwaMashu litholakala enyakatho nedolobha laseThekwini. Ukusuka edolobheni eThekwini uya kwaMashu kuyibanga elilinganiselwa kumakhilomitha angama-20.

Ngokomlando leli lokishi lasungulwa ngonyaka we-1959. Leli lokishi liqanjwe ngomnumzane womlungu owayebizwa ngoMarshall Campbell. Abantu abamnyama  babona kunzima ukubiza leli gama lika Marshall, kwazise abaningi babengakaze balubhade esikoleni, lokho kwakwenza kube nzima ukuba babize ngendlela efanele amagama esilungu. Nalo ke elikaMarshall balishintsha bathi uMashu, nendawo kwathiwa kukwaMashu.

Wayengubani uMarshall Campbell?

Omunye uzozibuza ukuthi yini le engaka ayebaluleke ngayo lo mnumzane kangangokuthi nendawo ize iqanjwe ngaye. UMarshall uzalwe ngonyaka we-1848 ezalelwa edolobheni laseGlasgow, eScotland, kwelamaNgisi. Ufike eNingizimu Afrika ngonyaka we-1850 nabazali bakhe ngomkhumbi emncane, eneminyaka emibili. Bathe uma befika kuleli uyise wathenga umhlaba, waba umlimi oqavile enamasimu kamoba, enendawo futhi yokuwugaya umoba.   Ngemva kokudlula kukayise emhlabeni, uMarshall uqhubekile nomsebenzi kayise wokuba umlimi kamoba wadlala indima enkulu emkhakheni wezokulinywa komoba eNatali.

Ngenxa yamagalelo akhe uMarshall wahlonishwa kakhulu. Waba yiLungu loMkhandlu wesiShayamthetho saseNatali, waqokelwa nasesikhundleni sokuba yiSenator yaseNatal ngonyaka we-1915, waphinde futhi waba yiKhansela lesizwe samaQadi. UMarshall wadlula emhlabeni ngonyaka we-1917.

Umthetho wokuhlaliswa kwabantu ngokobuhlanga

Ngenxa yokwanda kwesibalo saboHlanga edolobheni laseThekwini, abantu abamhlophe bafakela uMkhandlu ingcindezi yokuthi ususe abantu bezinye izinhlanga edolobheni kusale bona bodwa. UMkhandlu wabe usuphoqeleka ukuthi uthenge umhlaba eMkhumbane, abantu abamnyama kanye naboMdabu baseNdiya basuswa edolobheni basiwa kuleyo ndawo entsha eMkhumbane.

Ngonyaka we-1950, uhulumeni wengcindezelo washaya umthetho wokuhlaliswa kwabantu ngokobuhlanga owawubizwa ngokuthi i “Group Areas Act of 1950”. Ngonyaka we-1954, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi indawo yaseMkhumbane isizoba ngeyaba mhlophe kuphela kulandelwa lo mthetho ocwasayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abamnyama naboMdabu baseNdiya ababebekwe lapho basuswa ngendluzula basiwa kwezinye izindawo ezintsha. Abantu abamnyama basiwa eMlaza, eLamontville kanye nakwaMashu, aboMadabu baseNdiya basiwa eChartsworth. Kwakungamele lezi zizwe zihlanganiswe ngoba lokho kwakophambana nalo mthetho owawusubekiwe. UMashu waphenduka ikhaya elisha labantu abamnyama ababesuswe ngendlovu iyangena eMkhumbane.

Umncintiswano wegama lendawo

Umlando uyaveza ukuthi kwaba khona umncintiswano ephephandabeni iDaily News wokufuna igama okuzobizwa ngalo indawo yakwaMashu. Amanye amagama ayegqamile kulo mncintiswano kwakukhona elikaMahlathanyane (Allison George Champion Mhlongo) nelikaMafukuzela (John Langalibalele Dube). Lama gama ayephakanyiswe iNative Advisory Boards eyayiphikisana negama likaMashu. Nokho elikaMashu ilona elagcina liphumelele.

Isiphetho

Njengamanje indawo yakwaMashu inesibalo sabantu abalinganiselwa ezi-180 000. Indawo yakwaMashu inamagama amaningi izakhamizi zakhona ezibiza ngayo indawo yazo, lawo magama avela emva kwezigameko ezithile ezenzeka kule ndawo. Elijwayeleke kakhulu ileli elithi kuseSinqawunqawini.

Imithombo yolwazi

http://campbell.ukzn.ac.za/?q=node/47363

https://www.sahistory.org.za/place/cato-manor-durban

http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/KwaMashu/history.htm

https://www.urbanafrica.net/resources/township-renewal-kwa-mashu-case-study/